2021 Winnipeg distribution system water quality test results
The Winnipeg distribution system is the last location where we add
chlorine to the water - at the outlet from each of the three pumping stations. The other locations are at the
Shoal Lake intake on a periodic basis and at the Water
Treatment Plant.
Our Operating Licence requires that we maintain a minimum free chlorine residual of 0.1 milligrams per litre throughout the distribution system.
Testing
Winnipeg water is intensively monitored on a routine basis at Shoal Lake, before it enters the Water Treatment Plant and after the water has passed through the treatment processes to ensure that the water is safe and that regulatory requirements are met. Because water quality is so important, our level of monitoring and sampling exceeds Provincial regulatory requirements.
- Equipment is used to continuously monitor chlorine levels at the pumping stations and we test the chlorine levels at 60 locations throughout the distribution system on a weekly basis.
- Microbiological samples are taken weekly at 60 locations throughout the distribution system. Tests are conducted for Escherichia coli and total coliform bacteria according to Provincial regulations, and we also test for Heterotrophic plate count which is not required under Provincial regulations, but can be useful to identify potential problem areas within the distribution system.
We also test Winnipeg distribution system water for:
- routine water chemistry
- metals
- disinfection by-products
We use these test results to monitor water quality changes within the distribution system and the quality of water delivered to customers. We also respond to customer inquiries and complaints about water quality. Contact us for more information.
Test results are from January 1 to December 31, 2021
| What is being measured | How it's measured | Guideline or regulation | Winnipeg average | Winnipeg range | |
| Miscellaneous | |||||
| Carbon, Dissolved Organic | parts per million | no guideline | 7.1 | 3.0 to 17.8 | |
| Carbon, Total Organic | parts per million | no guideline | 4.9 | 0.7 to 17.8 | |
| Chlorine, Free | parts per million | no guideline | 0.90 | 0.16 to 1.48 | |
| Chlorine, Total | parts per million | no guideline | 1.12 | 0.38 to 1.70 | |
| Colour, Apparent | TCU | no guideline | 3.2 | 0.0 to 5.0 | |
| Colour, True | TCU | no more than 15 * | 0.8 | 0.0 to <5.0 | |
| Conductivity | microsiemens per centimetre | no guideline | 302 | 279 to 347 | |
| Langelier Index (4 C) | units | no guideline | -0.69 | -0.81 to -0.54 | |
| Langelier Index (60 C) | units | no guideline | 0.08 | -0.04 to 0.23 | |
| Odour | units | inoffensive* | 11 | 8 to 25 | |
| ORP | millivolts | no guideline | 473.7 | 319.0 to 682.7 | |
| Oxygen, Dissolved | parts per million | no guideline | 11.8 | 8.5 to 16.2 | |
| pH | units | between 7.0 and 10.5 | 7.45 | 7.03 to 7.91 | |
| Solids, Total Dissolved | parts per million | no more than 500 * | 167 | 118 to 216 | |
| Temperature | degrees Celcius | no more than 15 * | 12.0 | 1.7 to 24.7 | |
| Turbidity (clearness) | NTU | no guideline | 0.20 | <0.10 to 14.5 | |
| UV Transmittance, Filtered | percent transmissivity | no guideline | 94.0 | 93.0 to 95.0 | |
| Anions and Nutrients | |||||
| Alkalinity, Total | parts per million as calcium carbonate | no guideline | 66.8 | 59.8 to 79.0 | |
| Alkalinity, Bicarbonate | parts per million | no guideline | 81.6 | 73.0 to 95.4 | |
| Alkalinity, Carbonate | parts per million | no guideline | <0.6 | <0.6 to <0.6 | |
| Alkalinity, Hydroxide | parts per million | no guideline | <0.34 | <0.34 to <0.34 | |
| Hardness, Total | parts per million as calcium carbonate | no guideline | 81.4 | 74.3 to 89.0 | |
| Ammonia | parts per million | no guideline | 0.01 | <0.01 to 0.02 | |
| Bromate | parts per million | no more than 0.01 | <0.30 | <0.30 to <0.60 | |
| Bromide | parts per million | no guideline | <0.01 | <0.01 to <0.01 | |
| Chloride | parts per million | no more than 250 * | 4.9 | 4.0 to 6.0 | |
| Fluoride | parts per million | no more than 1.5 | 0.73 | 0.61 to 1.10 | |
| Nitrate Nitrogen | parts per million | no more than 10 | 0.016 | 0.006 to 0.035 | |
| Nitrite | parts per million | no more than 3 | <0.001 | <0.001 to <0.001 | |
| Perchlorate | parts per billion | no guideline | <0.2 | <0.2 to <0.2 | |
| Phosphate, Soluble | parts per million as phosphate | no guideline | 2.04 | 0.44 to 8.52 | |
| Phosphorus,Total | parts per million | no guideline | 0.657 | 0.605 to 0.683 | |
| Sulphate | parts per million | no more than 500 * | 72.2 | 64.2 to 89.0 | |
| Bacteria | |||||
| Escherichia Coli | MPN per 100 mL | none detectable per 100 mL | 0 | 0 to 14 | |
| Total Coliforms | MPN per 100 mL | none detectable per 100 mL | 0 | 0 to 14 | |
| Heterotrophic Plate Count | CFU per mL | no guideline | 1 | <1 to 172 | |
| Disinfection By-Products | |||||
| Aldehydes | parts per billion | no guideline | 18.0 | 11.2 to 44.6 | |
| Haloacetic acids | parts per billion | no more than 80 | 26.2 | 9.6 to 52.4 | |
| Trihalomethanes | parts per billion | no more than 100 | 41.5 | 11.6 to 66.6 | |
| Total Metals | |||||
| Aluminum | parts per million | no guideline | 0.00587 | 0.00305 to 0.03608 | |
| Antimony | parts per million | no more than 0.006 | 0.000058 | <0.000025 to 0.000837 | |
| Arsenic | parts per million | no more than 0.010 | 0.000353 | 0.000115 to 0.000530 | |
| Barium | parts per million | no more than 2 | 0.0149 | 0.0140 to 0.0160 | |
| Beryllium | parts per million | no guideline | <0.0001 | <0.0001 to <0.0001 | |
| Bismuth | parts per million | no guideline | <0.00005 | <0.00005 to <0.00005 | |
| Boron | parts per million | no more than 5 | 0.00492 | <0.00208 to 0.2000 | |
| Cadmium | parts per million | no more than 0.007 | <0.000005 | <0.000005 to 0.000028 | |
| Calcium | parts per million | no guideline | 21.127 | 18.555 to 25.543 | |
| Cesium | parts per million | no guideline | <0.00001 | <0.00001 to <0.00001 | |
| Chromium | parts per million | no more than 0.05 | <0.00004 | <0.00004 to 0.00036 | |
| Chromium VI | parts per million | no guideline | <0.0005 | <0.0005 to <0.0005 | |
| Cobalt | parts per million | no guideline | 0.00117 | 0.00106 to 0.00127 | |
| Copper | parts per million | no more than 2.0 | 0.044926 | <0.000022 to 0.226880 | |
| Iron | parts per million | no more than 0.3 * | 0.06538 | 0.02194 to 0.46259 | |
| Lead | parts per million | no more than 0.005 | <0.000066 | <0.000040 to 0.000735 | |
| Lithium | parts per million | no guideline | 0.0024 | 0.0020 to 0.0026 | |
| Magnesium | parts per million | no guideline | 6.261 | 5.531 to 7.131 | |
| Manganese | parts per million | no more than 0.12 | 0.00897 | 0.00294 to 0.08261 | |
| Mercury | parts per billion | no more than 1 | <0.0050 | <0.00050 to <0.0089 | |
| Molybdenum | parts per million | no guideline | <0.00005 | <0.00005 to <0.00005 | |
| Nickel | parts per million | no guideline | 0.002290 | 0.001126 to 0.007332 | |
| Potassium | parts per million | no guideline | 1.240 | 1.032 to 1.684 | |
| Rubidium | parts per million | no guideline | 0.0017 | 0.0014 to 0.0018 | |
| Selenium | parts per million | no more than 0.05 | <0.00005 | <0.00005 to <0.00005 | |
| Silicon | parts per million | no guideline | 2.93 | 2.45 to 3.38 | |
| Silver | parts per million | no guideline | <0.00001 | <0.00001 to <0.00001 | |
| Sodium | parts per million | no more than 200 * | 30.208 | 26.468 to 35.675 | |
| Strontium | parts per million | no more than 7 | 0.0403 | 0.0376 to 0.0441 | |
| Tellurium | parts per million | no guideline | <0.0002 | <0.0002 to <0.0002 | |
| Thallium | parts per million | no guideline | <0.00001 | <0.00001 to <0.00001 | |
| Thorium | parts per million | no guideline | <0.0001 | <0.0001 to <0.0001 | |
| Tin | parts per million | no guideline | <0.0001 | <0.0001 to <0.0001 | |
| Titanium | parts per million | no guideline | <0.0003 | <0.0003 to <0.0003 | |
| Tungsten | parts per million | no guideline | <0.0001 | <0.0001 to <0.0001 | |
| Uranium | parts per million | no more than 0.02 | 0.000021 | <0.000010 to 0.000250 | |
| Vanadium | parts per million | no guideline | <0.0005 | <0.0005 to <0.0005 | |
| Zinc | parts per million | no more than 5.0 * | 0.00340 | <0.00011 to 0.02490 | |
| Zirconium | parts per million | no guideline | <0.0002 | <0.0002 to <0.0002 | |
* Aesthetic objective: These guidelines have an objective and not a maximum acceptable concentration. These parameters should not impact the safety of the water to drink and there is no anticipated health risk for short-term exposures.
Guidelines from 'Summary of Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality' by Health Canada, September 2020
Results in red do not meet the guideline.
Data reported was collected from a combination of MacLean, Hurst, and McPhillips Pumping Station Discharges, 57 distribution system locations (39 distribution system locations January-March), and/or Branch I at McPhillips and Branch II at Hurst.
Note: Where value is expressed as less than (<), the value is halved and used in the calculations, where value is expressed as greater than (>), the value is used in the calculations
Bacterial testing
| What is being measured | Requirement | Our test results | Comments |
| Number of total coliform bacteria tests in year | 2028 samples/year | 2,929 | |
| Number of times that total coliform bacteria show up in a test | none detectable per 100 mL | 0.07% (2 positive tests) |
All resamples were negative and met the operating licence requirements. |
| Number of Escherichia coli bacteria tests in year | 2028 samples/year | 2,929 | |
| Number of times that Escherichia coli bacteria show up in a test | none detectable per 100 mL | 0.03% (1 positive test) |
All resamples were negative and met the operating licence requirements. |
| Number of heterotrophic (bacteria) plate count (HPC) tests done | no requirement | 2,217 | Heterotrophic plate count testing is not required under the operating licence |
Requirements from City of Winnipeg Operating Licence PWS-09-412-02
Data reported was collected from 57 distribution system locations (39 distribution system locations January-March) and MacLean, Hurst, and McPhillips Pumping Station Discharges